{"id":1058,"date":"2015-07-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-07-14T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/posts\/how-do-overhead-crane-work-levers-pulleys-hydraulic-cylinder-and-mechanical-advantage\/"},"modified":"2024-09-09T06:46:57","modified_gmt":"2024-09-09T06:46:57","slug":"how-do-overhead-crane-work-levers-pulleys-hydraulic-cylinder-and-mechanical-advantage","status":"publish","type":"posts","link":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/vi\/overhead-crane-work-levers-pulleys-hydraulic-cylinder-mechanical-advantage\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u tr\u00ean cao ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o - C\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c, r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc, xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u01a1 kh\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bao gi\u1edd ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i? M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, m\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng c\u00f2i.
\r\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. C\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ba m\u00e1y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. C\u1ea7n g\u1ea1t, r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc v\u00e0 xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\r\n

\u0110\u00f2n b\u1ea9y<\/h3>\r\n

Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng: c\u1ea7n g\u1ea1t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ba b\u00e0i b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ebd nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc, xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc trong c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\r\n

V\u1eady, c\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u1ede m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c l\u1eafp v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y.<\/p>\r\n

\"\"<\/p>\r\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1nh tay c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p g\u1ed3m d\u00e2y th\u1eebng, d\u00e2y x\u00edch v\u00e0 r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1nh tay c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\r\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n l\u1edbn, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ai C\u1eadp r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c Kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p l\u1edbn.<\/p>\r\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb1ng sau \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y l\u00e0 nh\u1edd Archimedes. Archimedes, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft gia, s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Hy L\u1ea1p c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 ba tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f9a r\u1eb1ng, "H\u00e3y cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00e2ng Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00ean b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y."<\/p>\r\n

B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thanh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1ee5c, ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea5n xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c \u201cc\u1ed1 g\u1eafng\u201d n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c \u201cl\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c\u201d n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u kia. L\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng mang ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eef v\u1eadt \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\r\n

Nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y th\u00e0nh ba nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t, \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, nh\u01b0 trong b\u1eadp b\u00eanh ho\u1eb7c x\u00e0 beng. Lo\u1ea1i hai \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 xe c\u00fat k\u00edt. V\u00e0 trong lo\u1ea1i ba \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y, l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0 trong nh\u00edp.<\/p>\r\n

Nh\u01b0ng, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, c\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y v\u1edbi r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc v\u00e0 xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y thao t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn. M\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn \u0111o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ef1c nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\r\n

Nh\u01b0 Archimedes \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc b\u1eadp b\u00eanh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n tr\u00ean s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i. Chi\u1ebfc b\u1eadp b\u00eanh d\u00e0i 10 feet v\u00e0 n\u00f3 xoay tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t thanh ngay ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3ng b\u1eadp b\u00eanh. M\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb 200 pound, v\u00e0 b\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb 100 pound ngu\u1ec7ch ngo\u1ea1c.<\/p>\r\n

\u0110\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb b\u00e9o h\u01a1n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea9y th\u00e0nh b\u1eadp b\u00eanh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, trong khi \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb g\u1ea7y c\u00f2m s\u1ebd n\u00e2ng l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng th\u00eam 100 pound l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng cho chi\u1ebfc b\u1eadp b\u00eanh!<\/p>\r\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu anh ta c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ma thu\u1eadt cho ph\u00e9p anh ta k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u1ea1nh b\u1eadp b\u00eanh th\u00eam 5 feet. M\u1eb7t b\u1eadp b\u00eanh d\u00e0i 10 foot c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 pound c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y, s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p anh \u1ea5y gi\u1eef th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfc b\u1eadp b\u00eanh. V\u00e0, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, n\u1ebfu anh ta m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ra m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 10 feet, th\u00ec c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a anh ta s\u1ebd t\u1eeb t\u1eeb chui xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb b\u00e9o h\u01a1n l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\r\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c tr\u00ean cao ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110\u00f2n b\u1ea9y, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c n\u00e2ng nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng. B\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa h\u01a1n, th\u00ec l\u1ef1c \u201ct\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng c\u00e0ng \u00edt. \u0110\u00f2n b\u1ea9y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb em g\u1ea7y g\u00f2 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00e2ng nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y!
\r\nH\u00e3y theo d\u00f5i ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo trong lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i \u201cC\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c tr\u00ean cao ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\u201d, khi ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\r\n

Barnhart Crane and Rigging Company lu\u00f4n n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7m trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea9u. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam, vui l\u00f2ng truy c\u1eadp trang D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ea9u v\u00e0 Di chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c tr\u00ean trang web Barnhart Crane.<\/p>\r\n

S\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00f4 men xo\u1eafn c\u1ee7a r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc<\/h3>\r\n

Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c tr\u00ean cao ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y trong c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. H\u00f4m nay, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn c\u1ee7a r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c. Trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\r\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ghi nh\u1eadn Archimedes l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc. Theo Plutarch, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Hy L\u1ea1p, Archimedes tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c khi Vua Hieron c\u1ee7a Syracuse y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Archimedes di chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u l\u1edbn trong h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Hieron. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, Archimedes thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Nh\u00e0 vua ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00ean t\u00e0u, sau \u0111\u00f3 Archimedes ng\u1ed3i t\u1eeb xa v\u00e0 k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Plutarch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng con t\u00e0u di chuy\u1ec3n "tr\u01a1n tru v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n".<\/p>\r\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi l\u1ea1, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f4 s\u01a1, r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u00e2y kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt l\u1edbn m\u00e0 anh ta mu\u1ed1n n\u00e2ng. Anh ta v\u1edbi tay xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng n\u00e2ng n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng anh ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, anh ta g\u1eafn m\u1ed9t r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc v\u00e0o v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3, anh ta g\u1eafn m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y v\u00e0o tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 qua r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc. Ti\u1ebfp theo, anh ta n\u00e2ng s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y l\u00ean v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e2ng v\u1eadt l\u00ean. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00ec s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng v\u1eadt trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u1eeda l\u1ef1c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\r\n

Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra? R\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean hai \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y t\u1eeb r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e2ng. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn, khi b\u1ed9 n\u00e2ng truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa h\u01a1n. D\u00f9 tin hay kh\u00f4ng, tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00e2ng v\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do ch\u00fang ta t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee9c n\u00e2ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tr\u1ea7n gi\u1eef tr\u1ea7n l\u00ean, do \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e2ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 sau: c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc, c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\r\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Ba lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc m\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1nh xe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1nh xe c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 do. V\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc di chuy\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n l\u00ean l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00fap c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y.<\/p>\r\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc trong c\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5c x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c. C\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 d\u00e2y qu\u1ea5n quanh puli v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng. B\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng qu\u1ea5n nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y qua hai th\u00ec s\u1ee9c n\u00e2ng c\u00e0ng cao.<\/p>\r\n

Trong ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a C\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? ? T\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp theo v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\r\n

Xylanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/h3>\r\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n ba trong lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c. Hai ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y v\u00e0 r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o l\u1ef1c n\u00e2ng trong c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfp theo v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00f3 l\u1ebd nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc khoa h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ef1c n\u00e2ng: \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\r\n

V\u1eady xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 k\u00edn, hay m\u1ed9t l\u0103ng tr\u1ee5 tr\u00f2n, ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 d\u1ea7u, c\u00f3 hai l\u1ed7 m\u1edf cho hai piston. C\u00e1c piston c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi xi lanh theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\r\n

N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c piston c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u1ed9t xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ma s\u00e1t, khi m\u1ed9t piston \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea5n xu\u1ed1ng, piston kia s\u1ebd n\u00e2ng l\u00ean v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng nhau. V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00e9n m\u1ed9t p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng hai cm, th\u00ec p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng kia s\u1ebd n\u00e9n l\u00ean tr\u00ean hai cm.
\r\n\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ed9t piston \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn theo chi\u1ec1u ngang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t piston kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc, trong khi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y v\u1edbi puli v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y. V\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y v\u00e0 r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean tr\u00ean, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c sang ph\u1ea3i s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c sang tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng sang b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, l\u00ean, xu\u1ed1ng, ti\u1ebfn, l\u00f9i, sang ph\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c sang tr\u00e1i.<\/p>\r\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn, nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y v\u00e0 r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t piston c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 6 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t piston kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 2 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng, th\u00ec l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y xu\u1ed1ng piston nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 3 l\u1ea7n tr\u00ean piston l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ea9y pitt\u00f4ng 2 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb vu\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c 500 pound, th\u00ec pitt\u00f4ng 6 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb vu\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y 1500 pound. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 piston l\u1edbn h\u01a1n di chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ebd nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 3 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 piston nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ef1c 1500 pound.<\/p>\r\n

C\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y v\u00e0 r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng. C\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u00e2ng t\u1ea3i, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh tay c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7m mang c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u n\u00e2ng.<\/p>\r\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y v\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ef1c sang c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea3 ba, \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y, r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc v\u00e0 xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, c\u00f9ng nhau t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc khi n\u00e2ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt l\u1edbn. Trong ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0o c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bao gi\u1edd ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i? M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, m\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf chu\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f2i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. C\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ba m\u00e1y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. \u0110\u00f2n b\u1ea9y, r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc v\u00e0 [\u2026]","protected":false},"featured_media":1343,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","posts_category":[351],"posts_tag":[7,41,59,33,6,34],"class_list":["post-1058","posts","type-posts","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","posts_category-blog","posts_tag-crane","posts_tag-crane-posts","posts_tag-jib-crane","posts_tag-news","posts_tag-overhead-crane","posts_tag-overhead-cranes"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/1058"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/posts"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/1058\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1144,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/1058\/revisions\/1144"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1343"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"posts_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_category?post=1058"},{"taxonomy":"posts_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_tag?post=1058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}