{"id":1067,"date":"2016-03-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-03-09T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/posts\/a-qualified-overhead-crane-operator-requires-both-technical-knowledge-and-experience\/"},"modified":"2024-09-09T07:10:07","modified_gmt":"2024-09-09T07:10:07","slug":"a-qualified-overhead-crane-operator-requires-both-technical-knowledge-and-experience","status":"publish","type":"posts","link":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/qualified-overhead-crane-operator-requires-technical-knowledge-experience\/","title":{"rendered":"Kvalifikovan\u00fd oper\u00e1tor mostov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f vy\u017eaduje technick\u00e9 znalosti i zku\u0161enosti"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>CO KVALIFIKUJE OBSLUHU JE\u0158\u00c1B\u016e<\/h3>\r\n<p><span>Kdy\u017e usly\u0161\u00edte term\u00edn oper\u00e1tor mostov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu, mo\u017en\u00e1 si vybav\u00edte pracovn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed man\u00e9vruj\u00ed s velk\u00fdmi stavebn\u00edmi je\u0159\u00e1by, <\/span> v\u011b\u017eov\u00e9 je\u0159\u00e1by, n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1by a podobn\u011b. <span>ale term\u00edn \u00a1\u0159 mostov\u00fd je\u0159\u00e1bn\u00edk \u00a1\u00b1 ve skute\u010dnosti odkazuje na pracovn\u00edky ovl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed jak\u00fdkoli typ je\u0159\u00e1bu, v\u010detn\u011b mostov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>Obsluha jak\u00e9hokoli typu je\u0159\u00e1bu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b bez \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho \u0161kolen\u00ed. Praktick\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti jsou kritickou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed toho, abyste se stali kvalifikovan\u00fdm oper\u00e1torem mostov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f. Ale podle OSHA vy\u017eaduje bezpe\u010dn\u00fd provoz je\u0159\u00e1bu jak technick\u00e9 znalosti, tak zku\u0161enosti. Mnoho oper\u00e1tor\u016f m\u00e1 dlouholet\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f na pracovi\u0161ti. <span>mohou v\u011bd\u011bt, co \u00a1\u00af d\u011blaj\u00ed, ale v\u011bd\u00ed pro\u010d?<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>Bezpe\u010dn\u00fd provoz je\u0159\u00e1bu vy\u017eaduje nejen to, aby pracovn\u00edci v\u011bd\u011bli, jak syst\u00e9m ovl\u00e1dat; vy\u017eaduje tak\u00e9, aby v\u011bd\u011bli pro\u010d. Podle OSHA kvalifikovan\u00fd oper\u00e1tor mostov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f v\u00ed, jak syst\u00e9m obsluhovat, a tak\u00e9 prok\u00e1zal odborn\u00e9 technick\u00e9 znalosti a dovednosti v oblasti bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho provozu. Zat\u00edmco v\u011bt\u0161ina oper\u00e1tor\u016f mostov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f nikdy nepro\u0161la form\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0161kolen\u00edm, mnoho zam\u011bstnavatel\u016f za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 po zam\u011bstnanc\u00edch vy\u017eadovat, aby absolvovali programy certifikace bezpe\u010dn\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1bn\u00edk\u016f. P\u0159esto\u017ee OSHA zavedla vlastn\u00ed definici kompetentn\u00edho je\u0159\u00e1bn\u00edka, <span>neexistuje \u00a1\u00af t jedna karta, kter\u00e1 zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee v\u00edte, jak ovl\u00e1dat ka\u017ed\u00fd je\u0159\u00e1b.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>Pro zam\u011bstnavatele, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed za\u010dlenit bezpe\u010dn\u00fd program obsluhy je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f do sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdcvikov\u00e9ho re\u017eimu, jsou dv\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit. Zahrnuje \u0161kolen\u00ed obecn\u00e9 znalosti o je\u0159\u00e1bech? A zda je to specifick\u00e9 pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1b a model I kdy\u017e je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zv\u00e1\u017eit konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed typ je\u0159\u00e1bu, kter\u00fd budou va\u0161i pracovn\u00edci pou\u017e\u00edvat, je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee dobr\u00fd program vy\u017eaduje, aby pracovn\u00edci byli vy\u0161koleni technick\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd je relevantn\u00ed pro v\u0161echny syst\u00e9my.<\/p>\r\n<p>I tak se v\u011bt\u0161ina program\u016f certifikace je\u0159\u00e1bn\u00edk\u016f zam\u011b\u0159uje na obecn\u00e9 znalosti je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f a provozn\u00ed dovednosti podle typu je\u0159\u00e1bu a zkou\u0161ky jsou zalo\u017eeny na p\u0159edm\u011btu, kter\u00fd je relevantn\u00ed pro v\u0161echny je\u0159\u00e1by dan\u00e9ho typu, nikoli na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed zna\u010dku nebo model. Nap\u0159\u00edklad program certifikace mostov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f se zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na obecn\u00e9 je\u0159\u00e1bov\u00e9 znalosti a provozn\u00ed dovednosti pro v\u0161echny typy mostov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f, nejen pro port\u00e1lov\u00e9 je\u0159\u00e1by, mostov\u00e9 je\u0159\u00e1by nebo v\u00fdlo\u017en\u00edkov\u00e9 je\u0159\u00e1by. To m\u016f\u017ee u st\u00e1\u017eist\u016f zp\u016fsobit zmatek, ale OSHA nab\u00edz\u00ed tuto radu: pochopte, \u017ee va\u0161e grafy mohou vypadat jinak, ale mus\u00edte se pod\u00edvat na svou velikost\/typ je\u0159\u00e1bu a zjistit, jak to aplikovat na koncepty uveden\u00e9 ve va\u0161em certifika\u010dn\u00edm programu.<\/p>\r\n<p>Krom\u011b certifika\u010dn\u00edch program\u016f existuje dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st, kterou mus\u00ed zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 vz\u00edt v \u00favahu p\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed sv\u00fdch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f pro obsluhu je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f. Co je obsluha je\u0159\u00e1bu? OSHA to definuje jako ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161vihu h\u00e1ku a nic v\u00edc. Je to opravdu tak jednoduch\u00e9. Kvalifikovan\u00fd oper\u00e1tor mostov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu pot\u0159ebuje um\u011bt pouze jednu v\u011bc, obsluhovat je\u0159\u00e1b. Mnoho zam\u011bstnavatel\u016f o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee jejich pracovn\u00edci budou v\u011bd\u011bt, jak sestavit a demontovat je\u0159\u00e1b, jak prov\u00e9st kontrolu je\u0159\u00e1bu a jak je\u0159\u00e1b udr\u017eovat. V\u0161echny tyto v\u011bci jsou d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti je\u0159\u00e1bu, ale je nutn\u00e9 zn\u00e1t rozd\u00edl. Je\u0159\u00e1bov\u00fd inspektor by m\u011bl absolvovat \u0161kolen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je zcela odli\u0161n\u00e9 od je\u0159\u00e1bn\u00edka. Jedna osoba se m\u016f\u017ee nau\u010dit oboj\u00ed, ale absolvov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161kolen\u00ed oper\u00e1tora mostov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu v\u00e1s neoprav\u0148uje ke kontrole, \u00fadr\u017eb\u011b nebo dokonce mont\u00e1\u017ei\/instalaci syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\r\n<h3>CO KVALIFIKUJE INSPEKTOR JE\u0158\u00c1B\u016e?<\/h3>\r\n<p>Najmut\u00ed kompetentn\u00ed osoby ke kontrole va\u0161eho je\u0159\u00e1bu je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro bezpe\u010dnost va\u0161ich pracovn\u00edk\u016f a dlouhou \u017eivotnost va\u0161eho syst\u00e9mu. OSHA definuje kompetentn\u00edho inspektora je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f jako: n\u011bkoho, kdo je schopen identifikovat existuj\u00edc\u00ed a p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e1 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed v okoln\u00edch nebo pracovn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e1 jsou nehygienick\u00e1, nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 nebo nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 pro zam\u011bstnance, a kdo m\u00e1 opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edmat rychl\u00e1 n\u00e1pravn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed k jejich odstran\u011bn\u00ed. Podle American National Standards Institute (ANSI) by kvalifikovan\u00fd inspektor je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f m\u011bl absolvovat form\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kolen\u00ed v oblastech: bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch a konstruk\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s je\u0159\u00e1by; feder\u00e1ln\u00ed, st\u00e1tn\u00ed a m\u00edstn\u00ed z\u00e1kony a p\u0159edpisy; bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 provozn\u00ed postupy je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f; psan\u00ed zpr\u00e1v a dokumentace; a komunika\u010dn\u00ed dovednosti. Krom\u011b toho by m\u011bl inspektor ka\u017ed\u00e9 dva roky absolvovat dal\u0161\u00ed form\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kolen\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n<p>Bohu\u017eel mnoho pracovn\u00edk\u016f d\u011bl\u00e1 chybu, kdy\u017e p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee jejich je\u0159\u00e1bn\u00edk je tak\u00e9 kvalifikovan\u00fd ke kontrole jejich je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f. To m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt smrteln\u00e1 chyba. To, co kvalifikuje je\u0159\u00e1bn\u00edka, je n\u011bco \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e9ho, ne\u017e co kvalifikuje inspektora je\u0159\u00e1bu. Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 osoba, kter\u00e1 je pov\u011b\u0159ena n\u011bkterou z t\u011bchto prac\u00ed, m\u00e1 kvalifikaci v t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 kompetenci. D\u00e1le je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zn\u00e1t standardy vynucovan\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00edmi a feder\u00e1ln\u00edmi z\u00e1kony a kter\u00e9 st\u00e1ty prosazuj\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed pl\u00e1n schv\u00e1len\u00fd OSHA pro va\u0161e odv\u011btv\u00ed. Je odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed vlastn\u00edka\/u\u017eivatele instalovat, kontrolovat, testovat, udr\u017eovat a provozovat je\u0159\u00e1b nebo souvisej\u00edc\u00ed zdvihac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v souladu s platn\u00fdmi bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi normami ANSI, p\u0159edpisy OSHA a m\u00edstn\u00edmi p\u0159edpisy a z\u00e1kony.<\/p>\r\n<h3>BEZPE\u010cNOSTN\u00cd NORMY A P\u0158EDPISY<\/h3>\r\n<p>V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b ve 21 st\u00e1tech prosazuje standardy bezpe\u010dnosti a ochrany zdrav\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci st\u00e1tn\u00ed agentura odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za st\u00e1tn\u00ed pl\u00e1n schv\u00e1len\u00fd OSHA. Mnoho st\u00e1t\u016f omezuje rozsah sv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dasti na zam\u011bstnance st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy a samospr\u00e1vy, ale n\u011bkter\u00e9 zahrnuj\u00ed v\u0161echny pracovn\u00edky. Pokud provozujete malou firmu v jednom z t\u011bchto st\u00e1t\u016f, mus\u00edte ur\u010dit, zda se na ni vztahuj\u00ed po\u017eadavky krom\u011b t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 jsou uvedeny ve standardu OSHA. Nap\u0159\u00edklad norma OSHA pro je\u0159\u00e1by a vrtn\u00e9 je\u0159\u00e1by ve stavebnictv\u00ed vy\u017eaduje tuto re\u017eii? Je\u0159\u00e1bn\u00edci budou kvalifikov\u00e1ni nebo certifikov\u00e1ni do 10. listopadu 2014, ale st\u00e1ty mohou vy\u017eadovat takovou kvalifikaci nebo certifikaci k d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu datu. Krom\u011b toho mohou platit st\u00e1tn\u00ed nebo m\u00edstn\u00ed licen\u010dn\u00ed po\u017eadavky.<\/p>\r\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed informace o standardech OSHA a jejich dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed naleznete na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch OSHA. Pokud hled\u00e1te radu ohledn\u011b dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed standard\u016f OSHA, OSHA nab\u00edz\u00ed program konzultac\u00ed na m\u00edst\u011b. Tento program zajist\u00ed, \u017ee va\u0161e pracovi\u0161t\u011b bude v souladu s OSHA a \u017ee pracovn\u00edci budou ka\u017ed\u00fd den v bezpe\u010d\u00ed. Program nab\u00edz\u00ed bezplatn\u00e9 a d\u016fv\u011brn\u00e9 poradenstv\u00ed mal\u00fdm a st\u0159edn\u00edm podnik\u016fm ve v\u0161ech st\u00e1tech, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e priorita je d\u00e1na vysoce rizikov\u00fdm pracovi\u0161t\u00edm. Tyto slu\u017eby jsou odd\u011blen\u00e9 od vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nevedou k sankc\u00edm nebo citac\u00edm. M\u00edsto toho konzultanti ze st\u00e1tn\u00edch agentur a univerzit spolupracuj\u00ed se zam\u011bstnavateli na identifikaci rizik na pracovi\u0161ti, poskytuj\u00ed rady ohledn\u011b dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed standard\u016f OSHA a pom\u00e1haj\u00ed zav\u00e1d\u011bt syst\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a ochrany zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\r\n<p>Chcete-li naj\u00edt kancel\u00e1\u0159 OSHA On-site Consultation Program Office ve va\u0161em okol\u00ed, p\u0159ejd\u011bte do jejich adres\u00e1\u0159e konzultac\u00ed:<br \/>\r\nA nezapome\u0148te, \u017ee bezpe\u010dnost pracovn\u00edk\u016f je odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed zam\u011bstnavatele a zahrnuje v\u0161echny aspekty pracovi\u0161t\u011b. Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee dodr\u017eujete st\u00e1tn\u00ed normy a podnik\u00e1te nezbytn\u00e9 kroky k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti sv\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. Krom\u011b toho by provozovatel\u00e9 mostov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f a dal\u0161\u00ed pracovn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed pracuj\u00ed s je\u0159\u00e1by nebo v jejich bl\u00edzkosti, m\u011bli tak\u00e9 podniknout preventivn\u00ed kroky k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a bezpe\u010dnosti lid\u00ed kolem nich. B\u00fdt proaktivn\u00edm zam\u011bstnancem znamen\u00e1 uv\u011bdomovat si nebezpe\u010d\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu na va\u0161em pracovi\u0161ti a v\u011bd\u011bt, jak\u00e9 kroky m\u016f\u017eete podniknout k jejich n\u00e1prav\u011b.<\/p>\r\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Eot-Cranes.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"CO KVALIFIKUJE OBSLUHA JE\u0158\u00c1B\u016e Kdy\u017e usly\u0161\u00edte term\u00edn oper\u00e1tor mostov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu, mo\u017en\u00e1 si vybav\u00edte pracovn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed man\u00e9vruj\u00ed s velk\u00fdmi stavebn\u00edmi je\u0159\u00e1by, v\u011b\u017eov\u00fdmi je\u0159\u00e1by, n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edmi je\u0159\u00e1by a podobn\u011b. ale term\u00edn \u00a1\u0159 oper\u00e1tor mostov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu \u00a1\u00b1 ve skute\u010dnosti odkazuje na pracovn\u00edky ovl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed jak\u00fdkoli typ je\u0159\u00e1bu, v\u010detn\u011b mostov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f. Obsluha jak\u00e9hokoli typu je\u0159\u00e1bu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt [\u2026]","protected":false},"featured_media":1350,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","posts_category":[351],"posts_tag":[61,7,41,54,59,33,6,34],"class_list":["post-1067","posts","type-posts","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","posts_category-blog","posts_tag-bridge-crane","posts_tag-crane","posts_tag-crane-posts","posts_tag-gantry-crane","posts_tag-jib-crane","posts_tag-news","posts_tag-overhead-crane","posts_tag-overhead-cranes"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/1067"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/posts"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/1067\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3447,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/1067\/revisions\/3447"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1350"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1067"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"posts_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_category?post=1067"},{"taxonomy":"posts_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_tag?post=1067"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}