{"id":10206,"date":"2024-10-23T00:57:40","date_gmt":"2024-10-23T00:57:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/?post_type=posts&#038;p=10206"},"modified":"2024-10-23T01:57:55","modified_gmt":"2024-10-23T01:57:55","slug":"5-safety-protection-devices-for-ladle-cranes","status":"publish","type":"posts","link":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/posts\/5-safety-protection-devices-for-ladle-cranes\/","title":{"rendered":"5 Kritick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed ochrann\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro p\u00e1nvov\u00e9 je\u0159\u00e1by: Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a spolehlivosti p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b oceli"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><p>Obsah<\/p><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#load-limiting-devices\">Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed omezuj\u00edc\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#travel-limiting-devices\">Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed omezuj\u00edc\u00ed cestov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#hoisting-travel-limit-switch\">Koncov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d zdvihu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#running-travel-limit-switch\">Koncov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d chodu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#photoelectric-anti-collision-device\">Fotoelektrick\u00e9 protikolizn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#buffers-and-end-stops\">Vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011bti a koncov\u00e9 zast\u00e1vky<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#other-safety-devices\">Dal\u0161\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#interlock-protection-devices\">Blokovac\u00ed ochrann\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#rail-sweepers\">Zametac\u00ed stroje<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#emergency-brake\">Nouzov\u00e1 brzda<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#protective-devices\">Ochrann\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#protective-covers\">Ochrann\u00e9 kryty<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#electric-shock-prevention\">Prevence \u00farazu elektrick\u00fdm proudem<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#fall-protection\">Ochrana proti p\u00e1du<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#safety-information-and-alarm-devices\">Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed informace a popla\u0161n\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#overspeed-switch\">P\u0159ep\u00edna\u010d nadm\u011brn\u00e9 rychlosti<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#height-indicator\">Ukazatel v\u00fd\u0161ky<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#speed-detection-system\">Syst\u00e9m detekce rychlosti<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"580\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Ladle-Cranes.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10212\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/yz-ladle-handling-cranes-for-foundry\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/yz-ladle-handling-cranes-for-foundry\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">p\u00e1nvov\u00fd je\u0159\u00e1b<\/a> je kritickou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v procesu kontinu\u00e1ln\u00edho lit\u00ed a v\u00e1lcov\u00e1n\u00ed oceli, speci\u00e1ln\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pro zved\u00e1n\u00ed roztaven\u00e9ho kovu. Pokud dojde k velk\u00e9 nehod\u011b, m\u016f\u017ee to m\u00edt v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky, v\u010detn\u011b ob\u011bt\u00ed na \u017eivotech a po\u0161kozen\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed ochrann\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu jsou z\u00e1kladn\u00edm vybaven\u00edm pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jeho vlastn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, funguj\u00edc\u00ed jako d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra, kter\u00e1 zabra\u0148uje chyb\u00e1m obsluhy a chr\u00e1n\u00ed jak person\u00e1l, tak strojn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zda jsou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed ochrann\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed neporu\u0161en\u00e1 a kompletn\u00ed, zda je \u00fadr\u017eba a spr\u00e1va v\u010dasn\u00e1 a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 a zda funguj\u00ed citliv\u011b a spolehliv\u011b, hraje v\u00fdznamnou roli v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m provozu je\u0159\u00e1bu. Tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou nepostradatelnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu. Vzhledem ke specifick\u00e9 povaze p\u00e1nvov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f manipuluj\u00edc\u00edch s hork\u00fdm roztaven\u00fdm kovem se jejich bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed po\u017eadavky li\u0161\u00ed od po\u017eadavk\u016f b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"load-limiting-devices\">Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed omezuj\u00edc\u00ed zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00da\u010delem pojistky proti p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed je zabr\u00e1nit p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu, kter\u00e9 by mohlo v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed mechanismu, konstrukce nebo zp\u016fsobit nehody. Mezi ochrann\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed proti p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 u p\u00e1nvov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f pat\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm elektronick\u00e9 v\u00e1hy a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/overload-limiter\/\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/overload-limiter\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">omezova\u010de p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e je na zdvihac\u00edm mechanismu instalov\u00e1n omezova\u010d zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, je obvykle um\u00edst\u011bn na sedle lo\u017eiska bubnu. Pokud je na hlavn\u00edm zdvihac\u00edm mechanismu instalov\u00e1na elektronick\u00e1 v\u00e1ha, funguje tak\u00e9 jako za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na ochranu proti p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jej\u00ed senzory jsou obvykle namontov\u00e1ny pod h\u0159\u00eddel\u00ed pevn\u00e9 kladky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e skute\u010dn\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed 951 TP1T jmenovit\u00e9ho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, omezova\u010d zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed vy\u0161le v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00fd sign\u00e1l. Pokud skute\u010dn\u00e1 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e klesne mezi 100% a 110% jmenovit\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee, omezova\u010d z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee p\u0159eru\u0161\u00ed zvedac\u00ed s\u00edlu a umo\u017en\u00ed pouze pohyb zvedan\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu sm\u011brem dol\u016f, ale zabr\u00e1n\u00ed jeho dal\u0161\u00edmu zved\u00e1n\u00ed. Elektronick\u00e1 v\u00e1ha se nastavuje stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"580\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Bearing-seat-overload-limiters.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10221\" style=\"width:840px;height:auto\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Omezova\u010de p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed sedel lo\u017eisek<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"travel-limiting-devices\">Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed omezuj\u00edc\u00ed cestov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o koncov\u00e9 sp\u00edna\u010de zdvihu, koncov\u00e9 sp\u00edna\u010de pojezdu, fotoelektrick\u00e1 protikolizn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, n\u00e1razn\u00edky a koncov\u00e9 dorazy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"hoisting-travel-limit-switch\">Koncov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d zdvihu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Sp\u00edna\u010d pojezdu zdvihu se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z oto\u010dn\u00e9ho koncov\u00e9ho sp\u00edna\u010de a z\u00e1t\u011b\u017eov\u00e9ho koncov\u00e9ho sp\u00edna\u010de klad\u00edvka, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e dv\u011b sady sp\u00edna\u010d\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch konstrukc\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho a spolehliv\u00e9ho provozu. Kdy\u017e zdvihac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed dos\u00e1hne navr\u017een\u00e9 horn\u00ed mezn\u00ed polohy, mohou oba sp\u00edna\u010de automaticky p\u0159eru\u0161it zdvihac\u00ed s\u00edlu. Kdy\u017e za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed klesne do navr\u017een\u00e9 doln\u00ed mezn\u00ed polohy, oto\u010dn\u00fd koncov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d automaticky vypne sestupn\u00fd v\u00fdkon (toto se nastavuje, kdy\u017e v\u00fd\u0161ka zdvihu p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed 20 metr\u016f). Zaji\u0161\u0165uje tak\u00e9, \u017ee kdy\u017e zvedac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed klesne do doln\u00ed mezn\u00ed polohy, ocelov\u00e9 lano z\u016fstane navinut\u00e9 kolem bubnu s minim\u00e1ln\u011b dv\u011bma ot\u00e1\u010dkami stanoven\u00fdmi konstrukc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed nap\u00e1jen\u00ed motoru pro pohyb nahoru nebo dol\u016f z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nap\u00e1jen\u00ed pro pohyb v opa\u010dn\u00e9m sm\u011bru, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje mechanismu pracovat v opa\u010dn\u00e9m sm\u011bru. Oto\u010dn\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d je instalov\u00e1n na kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 h\u0159\u00eddeli na konci bubnu a ot\u00e1\u010d\u00ed se synchronn\u011b s bubnem, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e shroma\u017e\u010fuje po\u010det ot\u00e1\u010dek pro ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed limitu zdvihu pro v\u00fdstup a sestup.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Klad\u00edvkov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d se z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e\u00ed je instalov\u00e1n na r\u00e1mu voz\u00edku, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e samotn\u00e9 kladivo je namontov\u00e1no na nosn\u00e9 konzole kladkostroje port\u00e1lu a obj\u00edmka kladiva je p\u0159ipevn\u011bna ke zvedac\u00edmu ocelov\u00e9mu lanu. Kdy\u017e port\u00e1l dos\u00e1hne horn\u00edho limitu, nosn\u00e9 lano ztrat\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed, resetuje koncov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d a p\u0159eru\u0161\u00ed nap\u00e1jen\u00ed, aby se mechanismus zastavil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"580\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/heavy-hammer-limit-switch.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10275\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">koncov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho kladiva<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"running-travel-limit-switch\">Koncov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d chodu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Koncov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d a n\u00e1razn\u00edk jsou nastaveny na d\u00e1lkov\u00fdch sv\u011btlech. Je\u0159\u00e1b a jeho hlavn\u00ed a pomocn\u00e9 voz\u00edky jsou vybaveny koncov\u00fdmi sp\u00edna\u010di pojezdu v ka\u017ed\u00e9m sm\u011bru. Kdy\u017e je\u0159\u00e1b dos\u00e1hne navr\u017een\u00e9 koncov\u00e9 polohy, bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed ty\u010d spust\u00ed sp\u00edna\u010d ve stejn\u00e9m sm\u011bru a p\u0159eru\u0161\u00ed nap\u00e1jen\u00ed pro pohyb vp\u0159ed. V p\u0159\u00edpadech vysokorychlostn\u00edho provozu (nap\u0159. vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 100 m\/min) nebo tam, kde existuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na polohu zastaven\u00ed, jsou podle pot\u0159eby instalov\u00e1ny dvoustup\u0148ov\u00e9 koncov\u00e9 sp\u00edna\u010de chodu. Prvn\u00ed stupe\u0148 vy\u0161le sign\u00e1l zpomalen\u00ed, aby zpomalil je\u0159\u00e1b, zat\u00edmco druh\u00fd stupe\u0148 automaticky vypne nap\u00e1jen\u00ed a zastav\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"580\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/travel-limit-switch.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10274\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">koncov\u00fd sp\u00edna\u010d pojezdu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"photoelectric-anti-collision-device\">Fotoelektrick\u00e9 protikolizn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 je\u0159\u00e1by jsou vybaveny fotoelektrick\u00fdm protikolizn\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm, kter\u00e9 zabra\u0148uje sr\u00e1\u017ece dvou je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f jedouc\u00edch po stejn\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze. Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm principem je, \u017ee kdy\u017e se dva je\u0159\u00e1by p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed na ur\u010ditou bezpe\u010dnou vzd\u00e1lenost, sv\u011btlo vyza\u0159ovan\u00e9 projektorem je\u0159\u00e1bu A je p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1no p\u0159ij\u00edma\u010dem je\u0159\u00e1bu B. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm fotoelektrick\u00e9 trubice je generov\u00e1n elektrick\u00fd sign\u00e1l. Po tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed a zes\u00edlen\u00ed tvaru vlny se aktivuje rel\u00e9 a bzu\u010d\u00e1k spust\u00ed alarm, kter\u00fd automaticky odpoj\u00ed nap\u00e1jen\u00ed b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edho mechanismu. Oba je\u0159\u00e1by mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vybaveny sadou takov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro vz\u00e1jemnou ochranu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"buffers-and-end-stops\">Vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011bti a koncov\u00e9 zast\u00e1vky<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pojezdov\u00e9 mechanismy je\u0159\u00e1bu i voz\u00edku jsou vybaveny n\u00e1razn\u00edky. N\u00e1razn\u00edky jsou navr\u017eeny tak, aby absorbovaly energii pohybuj\u00edc\u00edch se mechanism\u016f a sn\u00ed\u017eily n\u00e1raz. N\u00e1razn\u00edky a koncov\u00e9 dorazy na dr\u00e1ze by m\u011bly b\u00fdt pevn\u00e9 a spolehliv\u00e9. Konstrukce koncov\u00fdch doraz\u016f mus\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b zabr\u00e1nit vykolejen\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"other-safety-devices\">Dal\u0161\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"interlock-protection-devices\">Blokovac\u00ed ochrann\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dve\u0159e vedouc\u00ed k p\u00e1nvov\u00e9mu je\u0159\u00e1bu a dve\u0159e umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup z kabiny oper\u00e1tora na plo\u0161inu mostu jsou vybaveny blokovac\u00edmi sp\u00edna\u010di. P\u0159i otev\u0159en\u00ed dve\u0159\u00ed se p\u0159eru\u0161\u00ed nap\u00e1jen\u00ed v\u0161ech mechanism\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"rail-sweepers\">Zametac\u00ed stroje<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kolejnicov\u00e9 zametac\u00ed stroje jsou instalov\u00e1ny v p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti kol jak na je\u0159\u00e1bu, tak na voz\u00edku. V\u016fle mezi spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed zametac\u00ed desky a horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed kolejnice je nastavena na 10 mm a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se k odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u010distot, kter\u00e9 mohou br\u00e1nit provozu na kolej\u00edch. Pod\u00e9l trati jsou um\u00edst\u011bny v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 zna\u010dky, kter\u00e9 zakazuj\u00ed hromadit materi\u00e1l v bl\u00edzkosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"emergency-brake\">Nouzov\u00e1 brzda<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nouzov\u00e1 brzda je bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je \u0159\u00edzeno detek\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mem slo\u017een\u00fdm z vysoce spolehliv\u00e9ho sp\u00edna\u010de p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed rychlosti a kod\u00e9ru. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poruchy v \u0159et\u011bzu p\u0159enosu zdvihac\u00edho mechanismu \u2013 jako je p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed rychlosti bubnu, asynchronn\u00ed b\u011bh bubnu, aktivace nouzov\u00e9ho tla\u010d\u00edtka nebo n\u00e1hl\u00fd v\u00fdpadek nap\u00e1jen\u00ed \u2013 se aktivuje nouzov\u00e1 brzda, aby \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b a spolehliv\u011b zastavila buben a zajistila bezpe\u010dnost je\u0159\u00e1bu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nouzov\u00e1 brzda je namontov\u00e1na na konci bubnu. Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s konven\u010dn\u00edmi brzdami generuje mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed brzdn\u00fd moment, dostate\u010dn\u00fd k samostatn\u00e9mu p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed to\u010div\u00e9ho momentu generovan\u00e9ho pln\u00fdm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm bubnu zvedac\u00edho mechanismu. Hlavn\u00ed zdvihac\u00ed mechanismus je vybaven dv\u011bma sadami hnac\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee na v\u00fdstupn\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddeli nen\u00ed pevn\u00e9 spojen\u00ed nebo je pouze jedno hnac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt na bubnu ocelov\u00e9ho lana instalov\u00e1na nouzov\u00e1 brzda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"870\" height=\"580\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Emergency-brake.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10222\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Nouzov\u00e1 brzda<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"protective-devices\">Ochrann\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"protective-covers\">Ochrann\u00e9 kryty<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Aby se zabr\u00e1nilo vyklouznut\u00ed lana z dr\u00e1\u017eky, jsou instalov\u00e1ny kryty kladek. Ochrann\u00e9 tepeln\u011b izola\u010dn\u00ed desky jsou instalov\u00e1ny pod port\u00e1lov\u00fdm zvedac\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm, kter\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u00ed ocelov\u00e9 lano p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm s\u00e1lav\u00fdm teplem a zabra\u0148uj\u00ed rozst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed roztaven\u00e9 oceli na ocelov\u00e9 lano. Ochrann\u00e9 kryty (nebo kolejnice) jsou instalov\u00e1ny k ochran\u011b nechr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch, potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch pohybliv\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed, jako jsou spojky a p\u0159evodov\u00e9 h\u0159\u00eddele, b\u011bhem provozu. Na ochrann\u00fdch krytech jsou um\u00edst\u011bny v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 zna\u010dky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"electric-shock-prevention\">Prevence \u00farazu elektrick\u00fdm proudem<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud je kabina obsluhy p\u00e1nvov\u00e9ho je\u0159\u00e1bu um\u00edst\u011bna na stran\u011b kluzn\u00e9ho trolejov\u00e9ho veden\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu, existuje nebezpe\u010d\u00ed \u00farazu elektrick\u00fdm proudem. V p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch \u00fasec\u00edch jsou mezi \u017eeb\u0159\u00edk a l\u00e1vku je\u0159\u00e1bu a posuvn\u00e9 trolejov\u00e9 veden\u00ed instalov\u00e1ny ochrann\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b pro izolaci a na s\u00edti jsou um\u00edst\u011bny v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 zna\u010dky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fall-protection\">Ochrana proti p\u00e1du<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pod ob\u011bma konci bubnu jsou instalov\u00e1ny op\u011brn\u00e9 desky, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo jeho p\u00e1du v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vyjmut\u00ed bubnu nebo zlomen\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddele. Na konc\u00edch mostu jsou um\u00edst\u011bny bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a spolehliv\u00e9 \u00fadr\u017eb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 klece nebo plo\u0161iny, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed m\u00edsto pro st\u00e1n\u00ed person\u00e1lu pro prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed \u00fadr\u017eby je\u0159\u00e1bu. V\u0161echny obna\u017een\u00e9 spojovac\u00ed \u0161rouby po instalaci jsou bodov\u011b sva\u0159eny, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo uvoln\u011bn\u00ed a p\u00e1du.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"safety-information-and-alarm-devices\">Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed informace a popla\u0161n\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 se zejm\u00e9na o indik\u00e1tory amplitudy, \u00farovn\u011b, popla\u0161n\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro rychlost v\u011btru a stupe\u0148 v\u011btru, zp\u011btn\u00e9 alarmy, alarmy s nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm nap\u011bt\u00edm, ochrann\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho blokov\u00e1n\u00ed, zvonky nebo sign\u00e1ln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed zna\u010dky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"overspeed-switch\">P\u0159ep\u00edna\u010d nadm\u011brn\u00e9 rychlosti<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The <em>Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy pro zdvihac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/em> stanov\u00ed, \u017ee \u201ed\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zvedac\u00ed mechanismy a nevyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed mechanismy, kde by p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed rychlosti mohlo zp\u016fsobit nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, by m\u011bly b\u00fdt vybaveny sp\u00edna\u010di p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed rychlosti. Nastaven\u00e1 hodnota sp\u00edna\u010de p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed rychlosti z\u00e1vis\u00ed na v\u00fdkonu \u0159\u00eddic\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a jmenovit\u00e9 rychlosti spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se obvykle nastavuje mezi 1,25 a\u017e 1,4n\u00e1sobkem jmenovit\u00e9 rychlosti. Zvedac\u00ed mechanismus p\u00e1nvov\u00fdch je\u0159\u00e1b\u016f je obecn\u011b vybaven p\u0159ep\u00edna\u010dem p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed rychlosti, \u010dasto integrovan\u00fdm s motorem zved\u00e1n\u00ed. Pokud v zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti motoru nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd instala\u010dn\u00ed prostor, je sp\u00edna\u010d p\u0159ipojen k vysokorychlostn\u00ed h\u0159\u00eddeli reduktoru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"height-indicator\">Ukazatel v\u00fd\u0161ky<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ukazatel v\u00fd\u0161ky se prim\u00e1rn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ve zvedac\u00edm mechanismu k m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a zobrazen\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti mezi h\u00e1kem je\u0159\u00e1bu a zem\u00ed. Ovl\u00e1dac\u00ed v\u00fdstupn\u00ed kontakty p\u0159\u00edstroje jsou voliteln\u00e9 a mohou poskytovat vzd\u00e1len\u00e1 sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed rozhran\u00ed. Sn\u00edma\u010d v\u00fd\u0161ky obvykle pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 enkod\u00e9r a lze jej kombinovat s koncov\u00fdm sp\u00edna\u010dem. Indik\u00e1tor v\u00fd\u0161ky je obvykle instalov\u00e1n na konci bubnu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"speed-detection-system\">Syst\u00e9m detekce rychlosti<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kv\u016fli zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed povaze odl\u00e9vac\u00edch operac\u00ed vy\u017eaduj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti syst\u00e9my detekce rychlosti. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jak\u00fdchkoliv abnormalit detek\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m identifikuje m\u00edsto z\u00e1vady a PLC sou\u010dasn\u011b vy\u0161le odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed brzdn\u00fd sign\u00e1l do nouzov\u00e9 brzdy, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zabr\u00e1n\u00ed nehod\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pro lic\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1by pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed zvedac\u00ed mechanismy s planetov\u00fdmi reduktory se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 typick\u00fd syst\u00e9m detekce rychlosti. Syst\u00e9m se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch komponent:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Inkrement\u00e1ln\u00ed sn\u00edma\u010de nainstalovan\u00e9 na obou h\u0159\u00eddel\u00edch motoru<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Na obou konc\u00edch bubnu byly instalov\u00e1ny inkrement\u00e1ln\u00ed kod\u00e9ry<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u0159ep\u00edna\u010de rychlosti byly instalov\u00e1ny na obou konc\u00edch bubnu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Inkrement\u00e1ln\u00ed enkod\u00e9ry na vysokorychlostn\u00edch a pomalob\u011b\u017en\u00fdch h\u0159\u00eddel\u00edch vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed konstantn\u00ed po\u010det impuls\u016f na ot\u00e1\u010dku, odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010dk\u00e1m motoru a bubnu. Tyto kod\u00e9ry tvo\u0159\u00ed s PLC detek\u010dn\u00ed a \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Po\u010det puls\u016f kod\u00e9ru se zad\u00e1v\u00e1 do PLC pro v\u00fdpo\u010det a porovn\u00e1n\u00edm puls\u016f na vysokorychlostn\u00edch a pomalob\u011b\u017en\u00fdch h\u0159\u00eddel\u00edch syst\u00e9m ov\u011b\u0159uje, zda je p\u0159enosov\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec zvedac\u00edho mechanismu norm\u00e1ln\u00ed. P\u0159ep\u00edna\u010de ot\u00e1\u010dek sleduj\u00ed, zda rychlost ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed bubnu p\u0159ekra\u010duje nastavenou bezpe\u010dnou mez. Pokud se vyskytnou abnorm\u00e1ln\u00ed provozn\u00ed podm\u00ednky, syst\u00e9m detekuje poruchu a zas\u00e1hne.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"P\u00e1nvov\u00fd je\u0159\u00e1b je kritickou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v procesu kontinu\u00e1ln\u00edho lit\u00ed a v\u00e1lcov\u00e1n\u00ed oceli, kter\u00fd se konkr\u00e9tn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro zved\u00e1n\u00ed roztaven\u00e9ho kovu. Pokud dojde k velk\u00e9 nehod\u011b, m\u016f\u017ee to m\u00edt v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky, v\u010detn\u011b ob\u011bt\u00ed na \u017eivotech a po\u0161kozen\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed ochrann\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bu jsou nezbytn\u00fdm vybaven\u00edm pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jeho vlastn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti, p\u016fsob\u00ed [\u2026]","protected":false},"featured_media":10212,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"single-SEO-Table.php","posts_category":[351],"posts_tag":[724,723],"class_list":["post-10206","posts","type-posts","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","posts_category-blog","posts_tag-ladle-cranes","posts_tag-safety-protection-devices"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/10206"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/posts"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/10206\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10316,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/xmxposts\/10206\/revisions\/10316"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10212"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"posts_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_category?post=10206"},{"taxonomy":"posts_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dgcrane.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts_tag?post=10206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}